Tracing the transformation of labelled [1-13C]phenanthrene in a soil bioreactor

被引:61
作者
Richnow, HH
Annweiler, E
Koning, M
Lüth, JC
Stegmann, R
Garms, C
Francke, W
Michaelis, W
机构
[1] Univ Hamburg, Inst Biogeochem & Meereschem, Hamburg, Germany
[2] Tech Univ Hamburg, AB Abfallwirtschaft, D-2100 Hamburg, Germany
[3] Univ Hamburg, Inst Organ Chem, Hamburg, Germany
关键词
transformation; C-13-label; phenanthrene; soil bioreactor;
D O I
10.1016/S0269-7491(99)00205-5
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
[1-C-13]-labelled phenanthrene was incubated in a closed bioreactor to study the flux and biotransformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in contaminated soils on a bulk and molecular level. The degradation of extractable phenanthrene was observed by GC-MS measurements and the mineralisation was monitored by (CO2)-C-13 production. The transformation of the C-13-label into nonextractable soil-bound residues was determined by carbon isotopic measurements. With these data we were able to calculate a carbon budget of the C-13-label. Moreover, the chemical structure of non-extractable bound residues was characterised by applying selective chemical degradation reactions to cleave xenobiotic subunits from the macromolecular organic soil matrix. The obtained low molecular weight products yielded C-13-labelled compounds which were identified using IRM (isotope ratio monitoring)-GC-MS and structurally characterised with GC-MS. Most of the C-13-labelled products obtained by chemical degradation of non-extractable bound residues are well-known metabolites of phenanthrene. Thus, metabolites of [1-C-13]phenanthrene formed during biodegradation appear to be reactive components which are subsequently involved in the bound residue formation. Hydrolysable amino acids of the soil residues were significantly labelled with C-13 as confirmed by IRM-GC-MS measurements. Therefore, phenanthrene-derived carbon was transformed by anabolic microbial processes into typical biologically derived compounds. These substances are likely to be incorporated into humic-like material after cell death. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
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页码:91 / 101
页数:11
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