The immunostimulating effect of bacterial genomic DNA on the innate immune responses of bivalve mussel, Hyriopsis cumingii Lea

The genomic DNA of Escherichia coli, which contains the unmethylated CpG motif, was used to evaluate the immunostimulating effect of bacterial DNA on innate immune responses in the bivalve mussel Hyriopsis cumingii Lea. The results showed that the E. coli DNA had no significant effect on the production of superoxide anion (O2-) or acid phosphatase (AP) by haemocytes in vitro. However, the bactericidal activity of the haemocytes was significantly increased when the cells were incubated with 50 or 100 mu g/ml bacterial DNA for 12 and 24 h. Antibacterial activity, lysozyme activity, and prophenoloxidase (proPO) production of haemolymph were also increased, when the bivalve molluscs were injected with 50 or 100 mu g/ml of bacterial DNA for 12 and 24 h. These activities returned to the control level after 48 h. This work showed the bacterial DNA with unmethylated CpG motif could activate some parameters of the immune system of bivalve molluscs in vivo and in vitro. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.