A genetic appraisal of a new synthetic Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae) and the Kostoff synthetic tobacco

被引:36
作者
Lim, K. Yoong
Souckova-Skalicka, Kamila
Sarasan, Viswambharan
Clarkson, James J.
Chase, Mark W.
Kovarik, Ales
Leitch, Andrew R. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ London, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, London E1 4NS, England
[2] Royal Bot Gardens, Richmond TW9 3AB, Surrey, England
[3] Inst Biophys, Brno, Czech Republic
关键词
chromosomes; evolution; fertility; polyploidy; ribosomal DNA; synthetic tobacco;
D O I
10.3732/ajb.93.6.875
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
Polyploids have significantly influenced angiosperm evolution. Understanding the genetic consequences of polyploidy is advanced by studies on synthetic allopolyploids that mimic natural species. In Nicotiana, Burk (1973) and Kostoff (1938) generated synthetic tobacco (N. tabacum) using the parents female N. sylvestris X male N. tomentosiformis. We previously reported rapid genetic changes in the Burk material. Kostoff's material has 24 chromosomes of N. sylvestris origin (S-genome), 24 of N. tomentosiformis origin (T-genome), and a large intergenomic translocation, but not an additive distribution of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) families as expected from the parental contribution. Our new synthetic tobacco lines TR1 and TR2 are chromosomally balanced with no intergenomic translocations and are either sterile or have highly reduced fertility, supporting the nuclear cytoplasmic hypothesis that allopolyploid fertility is enhanced by intergenomic translocations.,Two plants of TR1 (TR1-A, TR1-B) have the expected number, structure, and chromosomal distribution of rDNA families. in contrast to Burk's and Kostoff's synthetic tobaccos and to synthetic polyploids of Arabidopsis. Perhaps allopotyploids must pass through meiosis before genetic changes involving rDNA become apparent, or the genetic changes may occur stochastically in different synthetic allopolyploids. The lack of fertility in the first generation of our synthetic tobacco lines may have uses in biopharmacy.
引用
收藏
页码:875 / 883
页数:9
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