Deficits in multiple systems of working memory in schizophrenia

被引:56
作者
Spindler, KA
Sullivan, EV
Menon, V
Lim, KO
Pfefferbaum, A
机构
[1] STANFORD UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA
[2] STANFORD UNIV, DEPT BIOL SCI, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA
[3] SRI INT, CTR HLTH SCI, MENLO PK, CA 94025 USA
[4] VA PALO ALTO HLTH CARE SYST, PSYCHIAT SERV 116A3, PALO ALTO, CA USA
关键词
central executive model; multiple frontal pathways model; working memory; schizophrenia;
D O I
10.1016/S0920-9964(97)00074-1
中图分类号
R749 [精神病学];
学科分类号
100205 ;
摘要
Working memory, the ability to hold and manipulate information 'on-line' in a temporary memory store, is impaired in schizophrenia. This impairment may be characterized within the framework of two opposing theoretical models: (1) central executive as coordinator of component processes of working memory or (2) multiple independent systems of spatial and object memory. In order to test which of these models better explains the working memory deficit of schizophrenia, 14 schizophrenic patients and 12 age- and gender-matched control subjects performed tests of spatial memory (dot location), object memory (shapes, color dots) and a dual paradigm (dot location + shapes). If schizophrenia impairs the central executive, a group-by-task interaction would demonstrate excessively worse performance on the dual than single tasks in schizophrenics relative to controls; however, the absence of an interaction would be consistent with deficits in the multiple working memory systems. The schizophrenic group was significantly impaired on all measures, and both the schizophrenic and control performance was worse on the dual than the single tasks. Despite the schizophrenic group performance deficits on the single tasks, the extent of such deficit did not appear additive and contributive to the dual tasks. The lack of a group-by-task interaction provided no support for the central executive model of dysfunction. Rather, the results uphold the model of working memory deficits arising from compromise of multiple (here spatial and object), relatively independent systems, both of which are affected in schizophrenia. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 10
页数:10
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