High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of (-)-beta-D-2-aminopurine dioxolane and (-)-beta-D-2-amino-6-chloropurine dioxolane, and their metabolite (-)-beta-D-dioxolane guanine in monkey serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid

(-)-beta-D-2-Aminopurine dioxolane (APD), (-)-beta-D-2-amino-6-chloropurine dioxolane (ACPD) and dioxolane guanine (DXG) are nucleoside analogues possessing potent activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) in vitro. APD and ACPD are metabolized in vivo to yield DXG. Reversed-phase HPLC analytical methodologies were developed for the simultaneous determination of APD and DXG, and for ACPD and DXG in monkey serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). 2-Fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyinosine (FDDI) served as the internal standard. The extraction recoveries of the nucleoside analogues from serum samples were similar, averaging approximately 90%. The limit of quantitation of the analytical method for serum samples was 0.1 mu g/ml for DXG, and 0.25 mu g/ml for APD and ACPD. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations for each compound at low, medium and high nucleoside concentrations were less than 9.0%, The accuracy of the assay methods was greater than 90% for prodrugs and parent compound. Similar results were observed with urine and CSF samples. Thus, these methods provide sensitive, accurate and reproducible determination of the prodrugs and parent nucleoside in biological samples.