Prognostic value of the metabolic syndrome for long-term outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Background The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), regarded as an important risk factor for coronary artery disease, is growing. However, the relationship between MS and long-term outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the Japanese patient population remains unknown. Methods and Results Seven-hundred and forty-eight consecutive patients who underwent PCI were assessed. Patients were categorized by the presence or absence of MS using the NCEP-ATPIII definition (for obesity, a body mass index >= 25 kg/m(2) was used). Kaplan-Meier estimation and Cox proportional hazards model were used for unadjusted and adjusted analyses for all cause mortality and cardiac events. The progress of 318 (42.5%) patients with MS and 430 (57.5%) patients without MS was analyzed. The mean follow-up was 12.0 +/- 3.6 years. Overall, there were 88 (11.8%) deaths from all causes, and there were no significant differences between the 2 groups. The occurrence of cardiac events was significantly higher in the NIS group than that in the no NIS group (25.5% vs 15.6%, hazard ratio 2.23; 95% confidence interval 1.59-3.11; p < 0.001). Conclusions The presence of NIS significantly increased the risks of subsequent cardiac events among patients who underwent PCI.