Use of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate in a high-sensitivity protein assay by resonance light scattering technique

A simple and high-sensitivity method has been developed for the determination of proteins in aqueous solutions by resonance tight scattering (RLS) technique. At pH 3.4 and ionic strength 1.2 x 10(-3), the weak RLS intensity of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate was greatly enhanced by the addition of proteins with the maximum peak located at 391 nm. Under the optimum conditions, the enhanced RLS intensities were in proportion to the concentrations of proteins in the range of 0.04 to 2.1 mu g/mL for lysozyme, 0.0025 to 1.2 mu g/mL for bovine serum albumin, 0.0075 to 0.9 mu g/mL for human serum albumin, 0.02 to 1.4 mu g/mL for gamma-globulin, 0.02 to 0.8 mu g/mL for egg albumin, and 0.01 to 0.6 mu g/mL for hemoglobin. Low detection limits ranging from 0.8 ng/mL to 4.3 ng/mL depending on the kind of proteins that have been achieved. The protein concentrations in synthetic samples and real biochemical samples were determined with satisfactory results. This method presented here is not only sensitive and simple but also reliable and suitable for practical bioassay applications.