Sizing up the nucleus: nuclear shape, size and nuclear-envelope assembly

被引:313
作者
Webster, Micah [1 ]
Witkin, Keren L. [1 ]
Cohen-Fix, Orna [1 ]
机构
[1] NIDDK, Cellular & Mol Biol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
关键词
ER membrane; Reticulons; ER tubules; ER sheets; Lamina; Nuclear envelope assembly; Nuclear pore complex; Lipin; HUTCHINSON-GILFORD-PROGERIA; CELL-CYCLE PROGRESSION; LAMIN-B RECEPTOR; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; PORE COMPLEXES; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; DE-NOVO; MEMBRANE PROTEIN; FISSION YEAST; INHIBITING FARNESYLATION;
D O I
10.1242/jcs.037333
中图分类号
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要
The nucleus is one of the most prominent cellular organelles, yet surprisingly little is known about how it is formed, what determines its shape and what defines its size. As the nuclear envelope (NE) disassembles in each and every cell cycle in metazoans, the process of rebuilding the nucleus is crucial for proper development and cell proliferation. In this Commentary, we summarize what is known about the regulation of nuclear shape and size, and highlight recent findings that shed light on the process of building a nucleus, including new discoveries related to NE assembly and the relationship between the NE and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Throughout our discussion, we note interesting aspects of nuclear structure that have yet to be resolved. Finally, we present an idea-which we refer to as 'the limited flat membrane hypothesis'-to explain the formation of a single nucleus that encompasses of all of the cell's chromosomes following mitosis.
引用
收藏
页码:1477 / 1486
页数:10
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