Functional Brain Networks Develop from a "Local to Distributed" Organization

被引:1142
作者
Fair, Damien A. [1 ]
Cohen, Alexander L. [2 ]
Power, Jonathan D. [2 ]
Dosenbach, Nico U. F. [2 ]
Church, Jessica A. [2 ]
Miezin, Francis M. [2 ,3 ]
Schlaggar, Bradley L. [2 ]
Petersen, Steven E. [4 ]
机构
[1] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Behav Neurosci, Portland, OR 97201 USA
[2] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
[3] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
[4] Washington Univ, Sch Med, McDonnell Ctr Higher Brain Funct, St Louis, MO USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院; 美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
RESTING-STATE NETWORKS; HUMAN VISUAL-CORTEX; COGNITIVE-DEVELOPMENT; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; DEFAULT-MODE; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; WORKING-MEMORY; UNDIRECTED GRAPHS; LOW-FREQUENCY; SMALL-WORLD;
D O I
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000381
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The mature human brain is organized into a collection of specialized functional networks that flexibly interact to support various cognitive functions. Studies of development often attempt to identify the organizing principles that guide the maturation of these functional networks. In this report, we combine resting state functional connectivity MRI (rs-fcMRI), graph analysis, community detection, and spring-embedding visualization techniques to analyze four separate networks defined in earlier studies. As we have previously reported, we find, across development, a trend toward 'segregation' (a general decrease in correlation strength) between regions close in anatomical space and 'integration' (an increased correlation strength) between selected regions distant in space. The generalization of these earlier trends across multiple networks suggests that this is a general developmental principle for changes in functional connectivity that would extend to large-scale graph theoretic analyses of large-scale brain networks. Communities in children are predominantly arranged by anatomical proximity, while communities in adults predominantly reflect functional relationships, as defined from adult fMRI studies. In sum, over development, the organization of multiple functional networks shifts from a local anatomical emphasis in children to a more "distributed" architecture in young adults. We argue that this "local to distributed" developmental characterization has important implications for understanding the development of neural systems underlying cognition. Further, graph metrics (e.g., clustering coefficients and average path lengths) are similar in child and adult graphs, with both showing "small-world"-like properties, while community detection by modularity optimization reveals stable communities within the graphs that are clearly different between young children and young adults. These observations suggest that early school age children and adults both have relatively efficient systems that may solve similar information processing problems in divergent ways.
引用
收藏
页数:14
相关论文
共 98 条
[1]   A resilient, low-frequency, small-world human brain functional network with highly connected association cortical hubs [J].
Achard, S ;
Salvador, R ;
Whitcher, B ;
Suckling, J ;
Bullmore, ET .
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, 2006, 26 (01) :63-72
[2]   Disruption of large-scale brain systems in advanced aging [J].
Andrews-Hanna, Jessica R. ;
Snyder, Abraham Z. ;
Vincent, Justin L. ;
Lustig, Cindy ;
Head, Denise ;
Raichle, Marcus E. ;
Buckner, Randy L. .
NEURON, 2007, 56 (05) :924-935
[3]   Investigations into resting-state connectivity using independent component analysis [J].
Beckmann, CF ;
DeLuca, M ;
Devlin, JT ;
Smith, SM .
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 2005, 360 (1457) :1001-1013
[4]  
Bender-deMoll S., 2006, Journal of Social Structure, V7, P1
[5]   CONTROLLING THE FALSE DISCOVERY RATE - A PRACTICAL AND POWERFUL APPROACH TO MULTIPLE TESTING [J].
BENJAMINI, Y ;
HOCHBERG, Y .
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES B-STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY, 1995, 57 (01) :289-300
[6]   The electroencephalogram of humans [J].
Berger, H .
ARCHIV FUR PSYCHIATRIE UND NERVENKRANKHEITEN, 1933, 100 :301-320
[7]   Electroencephalogram in humans [J].
Berger, H .
ARCHIV FUR PSYCHIATRIE UND NERVENKRANKHEITEN, 1929, 87 :527-570
[8]   Distributed synaptic modification in neural networks induced by patterned stimulation [J].
Bi, GQ ;
Poo, MM .
NATURE, 1999, 401 (6755) :792-796
[9]   FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY IN THE MOTOR CORTEX OF RESTING HUMAN BRAIN USING ECHO-PLANAR MRI [J].
BISWAL, B ;
YETKIN, FZ ;
HAUGHTON, VM ;
HYDE, JS .
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE, 1995, 34 (04) :537-541
[10]   SEQUENCE OF CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM MYELINATION IN HUMAN INFANCY .1. AN AUTOPSY STUDY OF MYELINATION [J].
BRODY, BA ;
KINNEY, HC ;
KLOMAN, AS ;
GILLES, FH .
JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY, 1987, 46 (03) :283-301