Effectiveness of a social influences smoking prevention program as a function of provider type, training method, and school risk

被引:86
作者
Cameron, R
Brown, KS
Best, JA
Pelkman, CL
Madill, CL
Manske, SR
Payne, ME
机构
[1] Univ Waterloo, Hlth Behav Res Grp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
[2] Univ Waterloo, Dept Hlth Studies & Gerontol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
[3] Natl Canc Inst, Ctr Behav Res & Program Evaluat, Toronto, ON, Canada
[4] Univ Waterloo, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
[5] Vancouver Hosp & Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Evaluat, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
[6] Penn State Univ, Coll Hlth & Human Dev, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
关键词
D O I
10.2105/AJPH.89.12.1827
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Objectives. This study determined the effect of provider (nurse or teacher) and training method (workshop or self-preparation) on outcomes of a social influences smoking prevention program. Methods. One hundred elementary schools were stratified by school risk score (high risk = high smoking rate among senior students) and assigned randomly to conditions: (1) teacher/self-preparation, (2) teacher/workshop, (3) nurse/self-preparation, (4) nurse/workshop, and (5) control. Intervention occurred in grades 6 to 8. Smoking status at the end of grade 8 was the primary endpoint variable. Results. Intervention reduced grade 8 smoking rates in high-risk schools (smoking rates of 26.9% in control vs 16.0% in intervention schools) but not in low-risk schools. There were no signifi cant differences in outcome as a function of training method and no significant differences in outcome between teacher provided and nurse-provided interventions in high- and medium-risk schools. Although nurses achieved better outcomes than did teachers in low-risk schools, neither provider type achieved outcomes superior to the control condition in those schools. Conclusions. Workshop training did not affect outcomes. Teachers and nurses were equally effective providers. Results suggest that programming should target high-risk schools.
引用
收藏
页码:1827 / 1831
页数:5
相关论文
共 30 条
[1]  
[Anonymous], 1994, MMWR Recomm Rep, V43, P1
[2]  
[Anonymous], NIH PUBLICATION
[3]   THE EFFECT OF 2 TYPES OF TEACHER-TRAINING ON IMPLEMENTATION OF SMART CHOICES - A TOBACCO-PREVENTION CURRICULUM [J].
BASENENGQUIST, K ;
OHARATOMPKINS, N ;
LOVATO, CY ;
LEWIS, MJ ;
PARCEL, GS ;
GINGISS, P .
JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 1994, 64 (08) :334-339
[4]  
BEST JA, 1988, ANNU REV PUBL HEALTH, V9, P161
[5]   SMOKING PREVENTION AND THE CONCEPT OF RISK [J].
BEST, JA ;
FLAY, BR ;
TOWSON, SMJ ;
RYAN, KB ;
PERRY, CL ;
BROWN, KS ;
KERSELL, MW ;
DAVERNAS, JR .
JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1984, 14 (03) :257-273
[6]   HOW GENERALIZABLE ARE THE EFFECTS OF SMOKING PREVENTION PROGRAMS - REFUSAL SKILLS TRAINING AND PARENT MESSAGES IN A TEACHER-ADMINISTERED PROGRAM [J].
BIGLAN, A ;
GLASGOW, R ;
ARY, D ;
THOMPSON, R ;
SEVERSON, H ;
LICHTENSTEIN, E ;
WEISSMAN, W ;
FALLER, C ;
GALLISON, C .
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, 1987, 10 (06) :613-628
[7]   PREVENTING ADOLESCENT DRUG-ABUSE THROUGH A MULTIMODAL COGNITIVE - BEHAVIORAL-APPROACH - RESULTS OF A 3-YEAR STUDY [J].
BOTVIN, GJ ;
BAKER, E ;
DUSENBURY, L ;
TORTU, S ;
BOTVIN, EM .
JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1990, 58 (04) :437-446
[8]  
Cameron R, 1996, CAN J PUBLIC HEALTH, V87, pS50
[9]   A METHODOLOGICAL REVIEW OF NON-THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION TRIALS EMPLOYING CLUSTER RANDOMIZATION, 1979-1989 [J].
DONNER, A ;
BROWN, KS ;
BRASHER, P .
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 1990, 19 (04) :795-800
[10]   THE LONG-TERM PREVENTION OF TOBACCO USE AMONG JUNIOR-HIGH-SCHOOL STUDENTS - CLASSROOM AND TELEPHONE INTERVENTIONS [J].
ELDER, JP ;
WILDEY, M ;
DEMOOR, C ;
SALLIS, JF ;
ECKHARDT, L ;
EDWARDS, C ;
ERICKSON, A ;
GOLBECK, A ;
HOVELL, M ;
JOHNSTON, D ;
LEVITZ, MD ;
MOLGAARD, C ;
YOUNG, R ;
VITO, D ;
WOODRUFF, SI .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 1993, 83 (09) :1239-1244