Arterial baroreflex influence on heart rate variability: a mathematical model-based analysis

被引:24
作者
Cavalcanti, S [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Bologna, Dept Elect Comp Sci & Syst, Biomed Engn Lab, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
关键词
modelling of autonomic regulation; rhythm in cardiovascular signals; bifurcation in physiological modelling;
D O I
10.1007/BF02344775
中图分类号
TP39 [计算机的应用];
学科分类号
081203 ; 0835 ;
摘要
The influence of the arterial baroreflex on the heart rate variability is analysed by using a mathematical model of heart rate baroreceptor control. The basic mechanisms of the model, sufficient to elicit heart rate variability include: systemic circulation, a non-pulsatile cardiac pump and nonlinear negative feedback simulating arterial baroreflex closed-loop control of the heart rate (-3 bpm/mmHg as maximum reflex sensitivity). The latter reproduces, through two distinct delayed branches (0.8 and 2.8 s), the short-term autonomic control effected respectively by sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions on the sinus node. By means of this model, two distinct self-sustained oscillatory components with incommensurate frequencies (0.1 and 0.26 Hz) are reproduced. Frequencies of these two oscillatory components closely agree with the main heart rate rhythms in humans (0.09 +/- 0.01 Hz and 0.26 +/- 0.01 Hz). When sympathetic-mediated regulation prevails over parasympathetic activity, simulated heart rate oscillation is characterised by a low frequency (similar to 0.1 Hz). On the other hand, a high-frequency oscillatory component (similar to 0.26 Hz) appears when enhanced vagal activation or partial inhibition of the sympathetic control is simulated. When both autonomic divisions are operative, both low- and high-frequency components are present and the heart rate oscillates quasi-periodically. This variability in heart rate at different frequencies is reproduced without including outside perturbations and is due to the nonlinear delayed structure of the closed-loop control. Bifurcation theory of nonlinear system is used to explain the high sensitivity of the heart rate oscillatory pattern to model parameter changes.
引用
收藏
页码:189 / 197
页数:9
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