Comparing the nitrogen and phosphorus requirements of canola and wheat for grain yield and quality

被引:44
作者
Brennan, R. F. [1 ]
Bolland, M. D. A. [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Albany Reg Off, Western Australian Dept Agr & Food, Albany, WA 6330, Australia
[2] Western Australia Dept Agr & Food, Bunbury, WA 6231, Australia
[3] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
来源
CROP & PASTURE SCIENCE | 2009年 / 60卷 / 06期
关键词
Brassica napus L; N and P interaction; oil; oilseed rape; protein; Triticum aestivum L; BRASSICA-NAPUS L; SOUTH-WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; DRY-MATTER PRODUCTION; OIL CONTENT; INDIAN MUSTARD; PROTEIN CONCENTRATIONS; FERTILIZER PHOSPHORUS; SEED YIELD; RAPE; ENVIRONMENT;
D O I
10.1071/CP08401
中图分类号
S [农业科学];
学科分类号
09 ;
摘要
Canola (oilseed rape, Brassica napus L.) is now grown in rotation with spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on the predominantly sandy soils of south-western Australia. For both crop species, fertiliser nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) need to be applied for profitable grain production. The fertiliser N requirements have been determined separately for canola or wheat when adequate P was applied. By contrast, the fertiliser P requirements of the 2 species have been compared in the same experiment when adequate N was applied and showed that canola consistently required similar to 25-60% less P than wheat to produce 90% of the maximum grain yield. We report results of a field experiment conducted at 7 sites from 2000 to 2003 in the region to compare grain yield responses of canola and wheat to application of N and P in the same experiment. Four levels of N (0-138 kg N/ha as urea [46% N]) and 6 levels of P (0-40 kg P/ha as superphosphate [9.1% P]) were applied. Significant grain yield responses to applied N and P occurred for both crop species at all sites of the experiment, and the N x P interaction for grain production was always significant. To produce 90% of the maximum grain yield, canola required similar to 40% more N (range 16-75%) than wheat, and similar to 25% less P(range 12-43%) than wheat. For both crop species at 7 sites, applying increasing levels of N had no significant effect on the level of P required for 90% of maximum grain yield, although at 1 site the level of P required to achieve the target yield for both crop species when no N was applied (nil-N treatment) was significantly lower than for the other 3 treatments treated with N. For both crop species at all 7 sites, applying increasing levels of P increased the level of N required for 90% of the maximum grain yield. Fertiliser P had no significant effect on protein concentration in canola and wheat grain, and oil concentration in canola grain. As found in previous studies, application of increasing levels of N decreased oil concentration while increasing protein concentration in canola grain, and increased protein concentration in wheat grain. The N x P interaction was not significant for protein or oil concentration in grain. Protein concentrations in canola grain were about double those found in wheat grain.
引用
收藏
页码:566 / 577
页数:12
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