Metabolic effects of fructose

被引:184
作者
Le, Kim-Anne
Tappy, Luc
机构
[1] Univ Lausanne, Fac Med, Dept Physiol, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
[2] Univ Hosp, Serv Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Lausanne, Switzerland
关键词
cardiovascular risk; dietary sugars; ectopic lipids; insulin resistance; lipogenesis;
D O I
10.1097/01.mco.0000232910.61612.4d
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Purpose of review Fructose is consumed in significant amounts in Western diets. An increase in fructose consumption over the past 10-20 years has been linked with a rise in obesity and metabolic disorders. Fructose/sucrose produces deleterious metabolic effects in animal models. This raises concern regarding the short-term and long-term effects of fructose and its risk in humans. Recent findings In rodents, fructose stimulates lipogenesis and leads to hepatic and extrahepatic insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and high blood pressure. Insulin resistance appears to be related to ectopic lipid deposition. In humans, short-term fructose feeding increases de-novo lipogenesis and blood triglycerides and causes hepatic insulin resistance. There is presently no evidence for fructose-induced muscle insulin resistance in humans. The cellular mechanisms underlying the metabolic effects of fructose involve production of reactive oxygen species, activation of cellular stress pathways and possibly an increase in uric acid synthesis. Summary Consuming large amounts of fructose can lead to the development of a complete metabolic syndrome in rodents. In humans, fructose consumed in moderate to high quantities in the diet increases plasma triglycerides and alters hepatic glucose homeostasis, but does not appear to cause muscle insulin resistance or high blood pressure in the short term. Further human studies are required to delineate the effects of fructose in humans.
引用
收藏
页码:469 / 475
页数:7
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