Dynamics of blood flow and platelet transport in pathological vessels

被引:74
作者
Einav, S [1 ]
Bluestein, D
机构
[1] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
[2] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
来源
CARDIAC ENGINEERING: FROM GENES AND CELLS TO STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION | 2004年 / 1015卷
关键词
stenosis; thrombus; platelets; CFD; DPIV; CDPIV;
D O I
10.1196/annals.1302.031
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Arterial disease, characterized by arterial occlusion (stenosis), is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases and a major healthcare problem in the Western world. One of the main mechanisms leading to vessel occlusion is thrombus formation, which may be initiated by platelet activation. Shear rates and flow patterns (fluid dynamics factors) and concentration of coagulation factors and platelet agonists (biological factors) modulate platelet function and may lead to platelet activation and aggregation. Here, we examine the flow-induced mechanisms leading to platelet activation in models of stenosed coronary vessels. Experimental and numerical methods were used to investigate and characterize the influence of the flow field on platelet activation. As it passes through pathological geometries characteristic of arterial stenosis, a platelet is exposed to varying levels of shear stress. The cumulative effect of the shear stress level and the duration of the platelet's exposure to it determine whether the platelet is brought beyond its activation threshold. Stress histories of individual platelets can be tracked within the flow field to locate the regions where activated platelets might be found and subsequently aggregate and/or adhere to the wall.
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页码:351 / 366
页数:16
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