Electron energy loss spectroscopy for analysis of inhaled ultrafine particles in rat lungs

被引:48
作者
Kapp, N
Kreyling, W
Schulz, H
Hof, VI
Gehr, P
Semmler, M
Geiser, M
机构
[1] Univ Bern, Inst Anat, Div Histol, CH-3000 Bern 9, Switzerland
[2] GSF, Inst Inhalat Biol, Natl Res Ctr Environm & Hlth, D-85758 Neuherberg, Germany
[3] GSF, Focus Network Aerosols & Hlth, Natl Res Ctr Environm & Hlth, D-85758 Neuherberg, Germany
[4] Univ Bern, Inst Pathophysiol, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
关键词
electron microscopy; TiO2; aerosol;
D O I
10.1002/jemt.20044
中图分类号
R602 [外科病理学、解剖学]; R32 [人体形态学];
学科分类号
100101 ;
摘要
Epidemiologic studies have associated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality with ambient particulate air pollution. Particles smaller than 100 nm in diameter (ultrafine particles) are present in the urban atmosphere in very high numbers yet at very low mass concentration. Organs beyond the lungs are considered as targets for inhaled ultrafine particles, whereby the route of particle translocation deeper into the lungs is unclear. Five rats were exposed to aerosols of ultrafine titanium dioxide particles of a count median diameter of 22 nm (geometric standard deviation, GSD 1.7) for 1 hour. The lungs were fixed by intravascular perfusion of fixatives immediately thereafter. TiO2 particles in probes of the aerosol as well as in systematic tissue samples were analyzed with a LEO 912 transmission electron microscope equipped with an energy filter for elemental microanalysis. The characteristic energy loss spectra were obtained by fast spectrum acquisition. Aerosol particles as well as those in the lung tissue were unambiguously identified by electron energy loss spectroscopy. Particles were mainly found as small clusters with a rounded shape. Seven percent of the particles in the lung tissue had a needle-like shape. The size distribution of the cluster profiles in the tissue had a count median diameter of 29 nm (GSD 1.7), which indicates no severe clustering or reshaping of the originally inhaled particles. Electron energy loss spectroscopy and related analytical methods were found to be suitable to identify and localize ultrafine titanium dioxide particles within chemically fixed and resin-embedded lung tissue. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:298 / 305
页数:8
相关论文
共 39 条
[1]   Calcium distribution in high-pressure frozen bone cells by electron energy loss spectroscopy and electron spectroscopic imaging [J].
Bordat, C ;
Bouet, O ;
Cournot, G .
HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY, 1998, 109 (02) :167-174
[2]  
Bordat C, 2000, J MAGN RESON IMAGING, V12, P505, DOI 10.1002/1522-2586(200009)12:3<505::AID-JMRI18>3.0.CO
[3]  
2-A
[5]   The pulmonary toxicology of ultrafine particles [J].
Donaldson, K ;
Brown, D ;
Clouter, A ;
Duffin, R ;
MacNee, W ;
Renwick, L ;
Tran, L ;
Stone, V .
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL MEDICINE-DEPOSITION CLEARANCE AND EFFECTS IN THE LUNG, 2002, 15 (02) :213-220
[6]  
Egerton R. F., 2011, ELECT ENERGY LOSS SP, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-9583-4
[7]   EVALUATION OF LANTHANIDE TRACER METHODS IN THE STUDY OF MAMMALIAN PULMONARY PARENCHYMA AND CARDIAC-MUSCLE BY ELECTRON-ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY [J].
FEHRENBACH, H ;
SCHMIEDL, A ;
BRASCH, F ;
RICHTER, J .
JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY, 1994, 174 :207-223
[8]   PULMONARY RETENTION OF ULTRAFINE AND FINE PARTICLES IN RATS [J].
FERIN, J ;
OBERDORSTER, G ;
PENNEY, DP .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 1992, 6 (05) :535-542
[9]  
Gehr P, 1990, J AEROSOL MED, V3, P27, DOI DOI 10.1089/JAM.1990.3.27
[10]  
GEISER M, 2000, J APPL PHYSIOL, V94, P1793