Typification studies have revealed that the name Viola parvifolia Bentham, until now applied to an endemic high-elevation violet of Ecuador, is a homonym of V.! parvifolia Roemer & Schultes, which is a synonym of Ionidium glutinosum Ventenat and, ultimately, of Hybanthus parviflorus (Mutis ex L.f.) Baillon. A new name, V. polycephala H. E. Ballard &: P. Jorgensen, is proposed.