Informed decision-making on sympathomimetic use in sport and health

被引:31
作者
Bouchard, R
Weber, AR
Geiger, JD
机构
[1] Univ Manitoba, Fac Med, Div Neurovirol & Neurodegenerat Disorders, St Boniface Res Ctr, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
[2] Univ Manitoba, St Boniface Res Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
[3] Univ Manitoba, St Boniface Res Ctr, Dept Physiol, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
[4] Univ Manitoba, St Boniface Res Ctr, Ctr Substance Use Sport & Hlth, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
来源
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE | 2002年 / 12卷 / 04期
关键词
ephedrine; ephedra; pseudoephedrine; Ma Huang; amphetamine; caffeine; sports; exercise; athletic performance;
D O I
10.1097/00042752-200207000-00003
中图分类号
R826.8 [整形外科学]; R782.2 [口腔颌面部整形外科学]; R726.2 [小儿整形外科学]; R62 [整形外科学(修复外科学)];
学科分类号
摘要
The International Olympic Committee, the World Anti-Doping Agency, and International Sport Federations have banned and restricted the use of many stimulants including prescription and over-the-counter medications and dietary supplements. In addition to elite athletes, people of all ages use stimulants in attempts to improve athletic performance, alter body composition, and increase levels of energy. Here we introduce a seven-stage model designed to facilitate informed decision-making by individuals taking or thinking of taking stimulants for sport, health, and/or appearance reasons. We review for amphetamines, over-the counter sympathomimetics, and caffeine their performance-enhancing and performance-degrading effects, health benefits and mechanisms of action, medical side effects, and legal, ethical, safety, and financial implications.
引用
收藏
页码:209 / 224
页数:16
相关论文
共 213 条
[1]   Interactions of herbal remedies with prescription cardiovascular medications [J].
Aggarwal, A ;
Ades, PA .
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, 2001, 12 (07) :581-584
[2]   EFFECT OF PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE ON ENERGY-EXPENDITURE AND WEIGHT-LOSS IN OVERWEIGHT WOMEN [J].
ALGER, S ;
LARSON, K ;
BOYCE, VL ;
SEAGLE, H ;
FONTVIEILLE, AM ;
FERRARO, RT ;
RISING, R ;
RAVUSSIN, E .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, 1993, 57 (02) :120-126
[3]  
ALVES MNM, 1995, BRAZ J MED BIOL RES, V28, P705
[4]   PRODUCTION OF NITROSAMINES FROM EPHEDRINE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE AND EXTRACTS OF EPHEDRA-FOLIATA UNDER PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS [J].
ALWAN, SM ;
ALHINDAWI, MK ;
ABDULRAHMAN, SK ;
ALSARRAJ, S .
CANCER LETTERS, 1986, 31 (02) :221-226
[5]  
Armstrong WJ, 2001, J EXERC PHYSL, V4, P28
[6]   Guaifenesin- and ephedrine-induced stones [J].
Assimos, DG ;
Langenstroer, P ;
Leinbach, RF ;
Mandel, NS ;
Stern, JM ;
Holmes, RP .
JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY, 1999, 13 (09) :665-667
[7]   THERMOGENIC SYNERGISM BETWEEN EPHEDRINE AND CAFFEINE IN HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS - A DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY [J].
ASTRUP, A ;
TOUBRO, S ;
CANNON, S ;
HEIN, P ;
MADSEN, J .
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL, 1991, 40 (03) :323-329
[8]   CONTRIBUTION OF BAT AND SKELETAL-MUSCLE TO THERMOGENESIS INDUCED BY EPHEDRINE IN MAN [J].
ASTRUP, A ;
BULOW, J ;
MADSEN, J ;
CHRISTENSEN, NJ .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, 1985, 248 (05) :E507-E515
[9]   ENHANCED THERMOGENIC RESPONSIVENESS DURING CHRONIC EPHEDRINE TREATMENT IN MAN [J].
ASTRUP, A ;
LUNDSGAARD, C ;
MADSEN, J ;
CHRISTENSEN, NJ .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, 1985, 42 (01) :83-94
[10]   CAFFEINE - A DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY OF ITS THERMOGENIC, METABOLIC, AND CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS IN HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS [J].
ASTRUP, A ;
TOUBRO, S ;
CANNON, S ;
HEIN, P ;
BREUM, L ;
MADSEN, J .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, 1990, 51 (05) :759-767