Fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation for articular cartilage defects

Fresh osteochondral allografts represent an effective solution for treatment of isolated cartilage defects. The key to successful allograft transplantation is cell viability, with current methods of storage up to 42 days while maintaining acceptable levels of cell viability. Ongoing research and investigations into ways of extending storage time will result in greater availability of osteochondral allografts and pave the road for use of this technique in other joints (ie, shoulder, elbow, wrist, and talus). This article describes the indications, preoperative planning, operative technique, and postoperative care for this procedure.