Organizational culture: A ten year, two-phase study of change in the UK food retailing sector

This paper argues that much of the current motivation for the study of organizational culture is fuelled by research which finds an association between culture and performance as well as by studies which suggest that culture is comparatively easily changed. However, much of the research upon which these claims are based is largely firm-specific with little critical evaluation of industry macrocultures and the impact that such cultures may have on both the performance of individual firms and the management of organizational culture. Through assessing separate change programmes spaced ten years apart, this paper documents and analyses the similarities and differences in the rationale, form, substance and impacts of two separate culture change initiatives in the same macroculture spaced ten years apart. These analyses suggest a number of conclusions and implications for both theorists and practitioners. In particular, the study argues that researchers examining organizational culture should devote significantly greater attention towards studying the effects of sector or industry macrocultures.