Relationship between the adiponectin-leptin insulin resistance in subjects without ratio and parameters of hyperglycemia

We previously reported that the adiponectin-leptin (A/L) ratio was more efficacious as a parameter of insulin resistance than adiponectin or leptin alone, and a more sensitive and reliable marker of insulin resistance than homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-R) as the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level elevated in type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we examined the usefulness of the A/L ratio as compared to HOMA-R for assessing insulin resistance in Japanese subjects without hyperglycemia. A total of 411 Japanese adults without hyperglycemia (205 men, aged 49 10 years; 206 women, aged 48 10 years) were enrolled. We investigated the correlation between fasting serum insulin level, FPG, leptin or adiponectin, and body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or preheparin serum lipoprotein lipase (LPL) as parameters of insulin resistance. Next, we examined the relationships between parameters of insulin resistance and the A/L ratio or HOMA-R. By simple regression of the correlation between serum insulin level, FPG, leptin or adiponectin, and each parameter of insulin resistance, the best correlation coefficients were seen in leptin (men, r = 0.501; women, r = 0.667) as compared with BMI, in leptin (men, r = 0.658; women, r = 0.747) as compared with FM, in adiponectin (r = 0.285) in men and leptin (r = 0.299) in women as compared with TGs, in adiponectin (men, r = 0.405; women; r = 0.442) as compared with HDL cholesterol, and in adiponectin (men, r = 0.228; women, r = 0.452) as compared with LPL. By simple regression of the correlation between A/L ratio or HONIA-R and each parameter of insulin resistance, the highest correlation coefficients were seen with the A/L ratio except HDL cholesterol in men. Next, we carried out multiple linear regression to analyze the association between A/L ratio or HOMA-R and FM, TGs, HDL cholesterol, and LPL, excluding BMI, simultaneously. In men, the AIL ratio was significantly correlated with FM and TGs, and HOMA-R was significantly correlated with FM. This model explained 34% of the variance in the A/L ratio and 17% of the variance in HONIA-R. In women, the A/L ratio was significantly correlated with FM and LPL, and HOMA-R was significantly correlated with FM and LPL. This model explained 39% of the variance in A/L ratio and 14% of the variance in HOMA-R. In conclusion, the present study suggested that the A/L ratio might be more useful than HOMA-R to accurately assess insulin resistance in subjects without hyperglycemia. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.