Oxygen isotopes and emerald trade routes since antiquity

被引:67
作者
Giuliani, G
Chaussidon, M
Schubnel, HJ
Piat, DH
Rollion-Bard, C
France-Lanord, C
Giard, D
de Narvaez, D
Rondeau, B
机构
[1] CNRS, Inst Rech Dev, F-54501 Vandoeuvre Nancy, France
[2] CNRS, Ctr Rech Petrog & Geochim, F-54501 Vandoeuvre Nancy, France
[3] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Lab Mineral, F-75005 Paris, France
[4] Assoc Francaise Gemmol, F-75009 Paris, France
[5] Compania Mineira Rio Dulce, Bogota, Colombia
关键词
D O I
10.1126/science.287.5453.631
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Oxygen isotopic compositions of historical emerald artifacts from the Gallo-Roman period to the 18th century indicate that during historical times, artisans worked emeralds originating from deposits supposedly discovered in the 20th century. In antiquity, Pakistani and Egyptian emeralds were traded by way of the Silk Route. Together with Austrian stones, they were the only source of gem-quality emeralds. Immediately after the discovery of the Colombian mines by Spaniards in the 16th century, a new trade route was established, first via Spain to Europe and India and then directly via the Philippines to India. Since then, Colombian emeralds have dominated the emerald trade, and most of the high-quality emeralds cut in the 18th century in India originated from Colombia.
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页码:631 / 633
页数:3
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