Subjective Socioeconomic Status Moderates the Association between Discrimination and Depression in African American Youth

被引:77
作者
Assari, Shervin [1 ,2 ]
Preiser, Brianna [1 ]
Lankarani, Maryam Moghani [1 ]
Caldwell, Cleopatra H. [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Michigan, Dept Psychiat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[2] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Res Ethn Culture & Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[3] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
socioeconomic status (SES); income; financial difficulty; African Americans; blacks; discrimination; depression; INTERNATIONAL DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW; RACIAL-DISCRIMINATION; NATIONAL-SURVEY; PERCEIVED DISCRIMINATION; MENTAL-HEALTH; SUBSTANCE USE; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; POPULATION HEALTH; SUICIDAL IDEATION; ETHNIC-IDENTITY;
D O I
10.3390/brainsci8040071
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 [神经生物学];
摘要
Background: Most of the literature on the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health is focused on the protective effects of SES. However, a growing literature suggests that high SES may also operate as a vulnerability factor. Aims: Using a national sample of African American youth, this study compared the effects of perceived discrimination on major depressive disorder (MDD) based on SES. Methods: The current cross-sectional study included 810 African American youth who participated in the National Survey of American Life-Adolescent supplement. The independent variable was perceived discrimination. Lifetime, 12-month, and 30-day MDD were the dependent variables. Age and gender were covariates. Three SES indicators (subjective SES, income, and poverty index) were moderators. We used logistic regressions for data analysis. Results: Perceived discrimination was associated with higher risk of lifetime, 12-month, and 30-day MDD. Interactions were found between subjective SES and perceived discrimination on lifetime, 12-month, and 30-day MDD, suggesting a stronger effect of perceived discrimination in youth with high subjective SES. Objective measures of SES (income and poverty index) did not interact with perceived discrimination on MDD. Conclusion: While perceived discrimination is a universally harmful risk factor for MDD, its effect may depend on the SES of the individual. Findings suggest that high subjective SES may operate as a vulnerability factor for African American youth.
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页数:14
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