Cancer resection on the residual lung after pneumonectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma

Background. After pneumonectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma, the residual lung may be the site of a new lung cancer or metastatic spread. Methods. From 1989 to 1995, 13 patients with carcinoma on the residual lung after pneumonectomy for lung cancer were operated on. Three segmentectomies and 7 simple wedge resections were performed, 2 patients had multiple wedge resections, and I patient had an exploratory thoracotomy. Nine patients had a primary metachronous bronchogenic carcinoma, 3 had metastases from bronchogenic carcinoma, and no definite conclusion was reached in 1 case. Results. No postoperative mortality was observed. Four patients had postoperative complications. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 14 days. Seven patients are alive, including 5 patients without evidence of disease. Six patients died of their disease, all with pulmonary recurrences. The overall median survival was 19 months, with a probability of survival at 3 years (Kaplan-Meier) of 46% (95% confidence interval, 22% to 73%). Conclusions. Limited pulmonary resection for lung cancer after pneumonectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma is feasible with very low morbidity. In highly selected patients, surgical resection might prolong survival.