Effect of 100 mT Homogeneous Static Magnetic Field on [Ca2+]c Response to ATP in HL-60 Cells Following GSH Depletion

Calcium is an important molecule in a number of biological systems. Often these systems are signal transduction cascades involving molecules such as ATP. ATP activates second messengers which can interact with ion channels on the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum resulting in the emptying of the intracellular calcium stores and an increase in cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+](c)) Changes in[Ca2+](c) can be influenced by external factors such as a static magnetic field (SMF). One hypothesis suggests that a SMF affects the cells through the radical pair mechanism. By reducing the number of antioxidant molecules like glutathione (GSH), the proportion of free radicals in the cells is increased and may lead to a greater probability of a biological response to a SMF. The purpose of this study was to determine if the [Ca2+](c). response to ATP was affected by depletion of GSH by diethylmaleate (DEM) and the absence or presence of a 100 mT homogeneous SMF Undifferentiated HL-60 cells were loaded with fura-2 AM. [Ca2+](c) was measured in real time using a ratiometric fluorescence spectroscopy system. Various (DEM) ranging from 1 to 15 mM were added to deplete GSH. Cells were either exposed to sham or magnetic field (100 mT) for 13 min (780 s) and challenged with 1 mu M ATP. The data show that J'Ca wits elevated following treatment with DEM with greater [Ca2+](c) at higher [DEM]. The [Ca2+](c) response to ATP was decreased as the DEM concentration increased. However, there was no effect of a 100 mT SMF on the average [Ca2+](c) peak following ATP activation or the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the [Ca2+](c) response and recovery after ATP activation. Bioelectromagnetics 30:322-32% 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.