[1] Toronto Western Hosp, Univ Hlth Network Rehabil Solut, CRELDO, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
[2] Toronto Western Res Inst, Div Hlth Care & Outcomes Res, Toronto, ON, Canada
[3] Univ Toronto, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
[4] Univ Toronto, Dept Hlth Policy, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
[5] Inst Work & Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada
[6] Univ Toronto, Dept Hlth Policy Management & Evaluat, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
[7] Univ Toronto, Dept Management & Evaluat, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
[8] Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada
[9] Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Alberta Ctr Injury Control & Res, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada
[10] Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden
[11] Stanford Univ, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[12] Stanford Univ, Hosp & Clin, Orthopaed Spine Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[13] Stanford Univ, Hosp & Clin, Spinal Surg Serv, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[14] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Neurol, Irvine, CA 92717 USA
[15] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
[16] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, New York, NY 10003 USA
[17] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, New York, NY 10003 USA
[18] NYU, Sch Med, Program Ergon & Biomech, New York, NY 10003 USA
[19] NYU, Grad Sch Arts & Sci, New York, NY 10003 USA
[20] NYU, Med Ctr, OIOC, New York, NY 10016 USA
[21] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
[22] Univ British Columbia, Dept Med, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
[23] Merck & Co Inc, Endocrinol Analgesia & Inflammat, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA