Recent advances in the molecular pharmacology of the alpha(1)-adrenergic receptors

This review is intended to discuss recent developments in the molecular pharmacology of the alpha(1)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(1)-AR) subtypes. After a brief historical development, we will focus on the more contemporary issues having to do with this receptor family. Emphasis will be put on recent data regarding the cloning, nomenclature, signalling mechanisms, and genomic organization of the alpha(1)-AR subtypes. We will also highlight recent mutational studies that identify key amino acid residues involved in ligand binding, as well as the role of the alpha(1)-AR subtypes in regulating physiologic processes.