An early Eocene carbon cycle perturbation at ∼52.5 Ma in the Southern Alps: Chronology and biotic response

被引:95
作者
Agnini, Claudia [1 ]
Macri, Patrizia [2 ]
Backman, Jan [3 ]
Brinkhuis, Henk [4 ]
Fornaciari, Eliana
Giusberti, Luca
Luciani, Valeria [5 ]
Rio, Domenico
Sluijs, Appy [4 ]
Speranza, Fabio [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Geosci, CNR Padova, Ist Geosci & Georisorse, I-35137 Padua, Italy
[2] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, I-00143 Rome, Italy
[3] Stockholm Univ, Dept Geol & Geochem, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[4] Univ Utrecht, Inst Environm Biol, Palaeobot & Palynol Lab, NL-3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands
[5] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy
来源
PALEOCEANOGRAPHY | 2009年 / 24卷
关键词
PALEOCENE THERMAL MAXIMUM; SECTION BETIC CORDILLERA; CALCAREOUS NANNOPLANKTON; ISOTOPE EXCURSION; PLANKTONIC-FORAMINIFERA; NEW-ZEALAND; SEA-LEVEL; OCEAN; CLIMATE; ATLANTIC;
D O I
10.1029/2008PA001649
中图分类号
P [天文学、地球科学];
学科分类号
070403 [天体物理学];
摘要
At least two transient events of extreme global warming occurred superimposed on the long-term latest Paleocene and early Eocene warming trend in the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) (or ETM1 similar to 55.5 Ma) and the Elmo (or ETM2 similar to 53.6 Ma). Other than warmth, the best known PETM is characterized by (1) significant injection of C-13-depleted carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system, (2) deep-sea carbonate dissolution, (3) strong biotic responses, and (4) perturbations of the hydrological cycle. Documentation of the other documented and suspected "hyperthermals'' is, as yet, insufficient to assess whether they are similar in nature to the PETM. Here we present and discuss biomagnetostratigraphic data and geochemical records across two lower Eocene successions deposited on a continental margin of the western Tethys: the Farra and Possagno sections in the Venetian pre-Alps. We recognize four negative carbon isotope excursions within chron C24. Three of these shifts correlate to known or suspected hyperthermals: the PETM, the Eocene thermal maximum 2 (similar to 53.6 Ma), and the informally named "X event'' (similar to 52.5 Ma). The fourth excursion lies within a reverse subchron and occurred between the latter two. In the Farra section, the X event is marked by a similar to 0.6% negative carbon isotope excursion and carbonate dissolution. Furthermore, the event exhibits responses among calcareous nannofossils, planktic foraminifera, and dinoflagellates that are similar to, though less intense than, those observed across the PETM. Sedimentological and quantitative micropaleontological data from the Farra section also suggest increased weathering and runoff as well as sea surface eutrophication during this event.
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页数:14
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