Intense near-bed sediment motions in waves and currents

In the past few years, two-phase models have been developed to describe the detail behaviour of fluid/sediment interactions and transport tinder the sheet flow conditions, Due to the complexity of the governing equations and uncertainties in the formulations of various stress terms, few complete solutions of these equations are known and the validations are thus far limited to only a few experimental data. In this paper, the numerical predictions of the behaviour of sheet flows using an improved version of an earlier two-phase flow model [Coastal Eng. 36(2) (1999) 87] are described. Although the general structure of the model was retained, a number of improvements had been made to give better account the underlying physics of the flow in areas very close to the stationary bed. All key flow parameters have been predicted and analysed in order to gain insight into the processes. Calculated time-dependent as well as time-averaged concentrations are compared with experimental data from purely oscillatory flows and oscillatory flow plus a current. Good qualitative agreements between predictions and measurements were achieved for the time-dependent concentrations while the time-averaged concentrations are quantitatively accurate as well. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.