Plasmodium falciparum dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine failures in Cambodia are associated with mutant K13 parasites presenting high survival rates in novel piperaquine in vitro assays: retrospective and prospective investigations

被引：144

作者：

Duru, Valentine ^{[1
]}

Khim, Nimol ^{[1
]}

Leang, Rithea ^{[2
]}

Kim, Saorin ^{[1
]}

Domergue, Anais ^{[1
]}

Kloeung, Nimol ^{[1
]}

Ke, Sopheakvatey ^{[1
]}

Chy, Sophy ^{[1
]}

Eam, Rotha ^{[1
]}

Khean, Chanra ^{[1
]}

Loch, Kaknika ^{[1
]}

Ken, Malen ^{[1
]}

Lek, Dysoley ^{[2
]}

Beghain, Johann ^{[3
]}

Ariey, Frederic ^{[3
]}

Guerin, Philippe J. ^{[4
,5
]}

Huy, Rekol ^{[2
]}

Mercereau-Puijalon, Odile ^{[3
]}

Witkowski, Benoit ^{[1
]}

Menard, Didier ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Inst Pasteur Cambodge, Malaria Mol Epidemiol Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

[2] Natl Ctr Parasitol Entomol & Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

[3] Inst Pasteur, Dept Parasites & Insect Vectors, Paris, France

[4] WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network, Oxford, England

[5] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Oxford, England

来源：

BMC MEDICINE | 2015年 / 13卷

关键词：

Artemisinin combination therapies; Artemisinin resistance; Cambodia; Ex vivo testing; Falciparum; In-vitro testing; Malaria; Piperaquine resistance; Treatment failure; WESTERN CAMBODIA; ARTEMISININ RESISTANCE; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; VIVO SUSCEPTIBILITY; MALARIA; CLEARANCE; PROVINCE;

D O I：

10.1186/s12916-015-0539-5

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

100201 [内科学];

摘要：

Background: The declining efficacy of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine against Plasmodium falciparum in Cambodia, along with increasing numbers of recrudescent cases, suggests resistance to both artemisinin and piperaquine. Available in vitro piperaquine susceptibility assays do not correlate with treatment outcome. A novel assay using a pharmacologically relevant piperaquine dose/time exposure was designed and its relevance explored in retrospective and prospective studies. Methods: The piperaquine survival assay (PSA) exposed parasites to 200 nM piperaquine for 48 hours and monitored survival 24 hours later. The retrospective study tested 32 culture-adapted, C580Y-K13 mutant parasites collected at enrolment from patients treated with a 3-day course of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and having presented or not with a recrudescence at day 42 (registered ACTRN12615000793516). The prospective study assessed ex vivo PSA survival rate alongside K13 polymorphism of isolates collected from patients enrolled in an open-label study with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Cambodia (registered ACTRN12615000696594). Results: All parasites from recrudescent cases had in vitro or ex vivo PSA survival rates >= 10 %, a relevant cut-off value for piperaquine-resistance. Ex vivo PSA survival rates were higher for recrudescent than non-recrudescent cases (39.2 % vs. 0.17 %, P < 1 x 10(-7)). Artemisinin-resistant K13 mutants with ex vivo PSA survival rates >= 10 % were associated with 32-fold higher risk of recrudescence (95 % CI, 4.5-224; P = 0.0005). Conclusion: PSA adequately captures the piperaquine resistance/recrudescence phenotype, a mainstay to identify molecular marker(s) and evaluate efficacy of alternative drugs. Combined ex vivo PSA and K13 genotyping provides a convenient monitor for both artemisinin and piperaquine resistance where dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine is used.

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