Diphtheria surveillance and control in the former Soviet Union and the Newly Independent States

被引:20
作者
Vitek, CR
Bogatyreva, EY
Wharton, H
机构
[1] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Child Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Epidemiol & Surveillance Div, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
[2] Gabrichevsky Inst Microbiol & Epidemiol, Diphtheria Epidemiol Branch, Moscow, Russia
关键词
D O I
10.1086/315571
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
The Newly Independent States (NIS) inherited a common approach to diphtheria control from the Soviet Union and maintained a centralized system of surveillance and control managed by Soviet-trained epidemiologists with a shared professional culture. This system had controlled a diphtheria resurgence in the 1980s, In response to the epidemic of the 1990s, NIS health authorities responded with a set of control measures based on the Soviet-era experience. These measures included intensified childhood vaccination, aggressive case investigation, widespread diphtheria screening in institutions, and vaccination of adults in high-risk occupation groups, These measures proved insufficient due to high levels of susceptibility among adults, excessive contraindications to childhood vaccination, and insufficient resources in many countries. After these initial delays in implementing effective measures in some countries, most of the NIS health authorities rapidly and successfully implemented mass immunization of the population against diphtheria once the strategy was adopted and sufficient vaccine was available.
引用
收藏
页码:S23 / S26
页数:4
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