Possible involvement of the phloem sealing system in the acceptance of a plant as host by an aphid

Possible reasons for the rejection of some lines of Triticum monococcum (Tm44 and Tm46) by the aphid Sitobion avenae were explored. In all T. monococcum lines studied, whether unfavourable (non-host/resistant plant) or favourable (host/susceptible plant), the concentrations of hydroxamic acids, a family of aphid-resistance factors in cereals, were significantly lower than the levels in the favourable host-plant Triticum aestivum cv. Therefore, hydroxamic acids did not account for the host/non-host patterns observed. Phloem sap was collected by stylectomy from young seedlings of favourable and unfavourable plants. In non-aphid-resistant genotypes, the success in stylectomy, the proportion of amputated stylets resulting in long (>1 min) exudations, the average duration of exudation, and the final volume of sap exuded, were higher than in the aphid-resistant genotypes. It is concluded that aphid interference with the phloem sealing system of the plant is a likely mechanism of rejection of T. monococcum lines Tm44 and Tm46 as hosts by S. avenae.