Observation of a kilogram-scale oscillator near its quantum ground state

被引：118

作者：

Abbott, B. ^{[15
]}

Abbott, R. ^{[15
]}

Adhikari, R. ^{[15
]}

Ajith, P. ^{[2
]}

Allen, B. ^{[2
,3
]}

Allen, G. ^{[4
]}

Amin, R. ^{[5
]}

Anderson, S. B. ^{[15
]}

Anderson, W. G. ^{[3
]}

Arain, M. A. ^{[6
]}

Araya, M. ^{[15
]}

Armandula, H. ^{[15
]}

Armor, P. ^{[3
]}

Aso, Y. ^{[7
]}

Aston, S. ^{[8
]}

Aufmuth, P. ^{[9
]}

Aulbert, C. ^{[2
]}

Babak, S. ^{[10
]}

Ballmer, S. ^{[15
]}

Bantilan, H. ^{[11
]}

Barish, B. C. ^{[15
]}

Barker, C. ^{[12
]}

Barker, D. ^{[12
]}

Barr, B. ^{[13
]}

Barriga, P. ^{[14
]}

Barton, M. A. ^{[13
]}

Bastarrika, M. ^{[13
]}

Bayer, K. ^{[1
]}

Betzwieser, J. ^{[15
]}

Beyersdorf, P. T. ^{[16
]}

Bilenko, I. A. ^{[17
]}

Billingsley, G. ^{[15
]}

Biswas, R. ^{[3
]}

Black, E. ^{[15
]}

Blackburn, K. ^{[15
]}

Blackburn, L. ^{[1
]}

Blair, D. ^{[14
]}

Bland, B. ^{[12
]}

Bodiya, T. P. ^{[1
]}

Bogue, L. ^{[18
]}

Bork, R. ^{[15
]}

Boschi, V. ^{[15
]}

Bose, S. ^{[19
]}

Brady, P. R.

Braginsky, V. B. ^{[17
]}

Brau, J. E. ^{[20
]}

Brinkmann, M. ^{[2
]}

Brooks, A. ^{[15
]}

Brown, D. A. ^{[21
]}

Brunet, G. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] CALTECH, LIGO, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[2] Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Albert Einstein Inst, D-30167 Hannover, Germany

[3] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA

[4] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[5] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA

[6] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA

[7] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA

[8] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England

[9] Leibniz Univ Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany

[10] Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Albert Einstein Inst, D-14476 Golm, Germany

[11] Carleton Coll, Northfield, MN 55057 USA

[12] LIGO Hanford Observ, Richland, WA 99352 USA

[13] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland

[14] Univ Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia

[15] CALTECH, LIGO, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[16] San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA

[17] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow 119992, Russia

[18] LIGO Livingston Observ, Livingston, LA 70754 USA

[19] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA

[20] Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA

[21] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA

[22] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[23] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA

[24] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[25] Univ Sannio Benevento, I-82100 Benevento, Italy

[26] Charles Sturt Univ, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia

[27] Caltech CaRT, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[28] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales

[29] Univ Salerno, I-84084 Salerno, Italy

[30] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[31] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[32] Interuniv Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India

[33] Univ Texas Brownsville & Texas Southmost Coll, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA

[34] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia

[35] Southern Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA

[36] A&M Coll, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA

[37] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA

[38] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England

[39] Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Prescott, AZ 86301 USA

[40] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia

[41] Univ Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England

[42] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA

[43] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo 1818588, Japan

[44] Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia

[45] Univ Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, Lanark, Scotland

[46] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA

[47] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA

[48] Hobart & William Smith Coll, Geneva, NY 14456 USA

[49] SE Louisiana Univ, Hammond, LA 70402 USA

[50] Univ Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain

来源：

NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS | 2009年 / 11卷

基金：

英国科学技术设施理事会; 美国国家航空航天局; 美国国家科学基金会; 澳大利亚研究理事会;

关键词：

CAVITY;

D O I：

10.1088/1367-2630/11/7/073032

中图分类号：

O4 [物理学];

学科分类号：

0702 ;

摘要：

We introduce a novel cooling technique capable of approaching the quantum ground state of a kilogram-scale system-an interferometric gravitational wave detector. The detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) operate within a factor of 10 of the standard quantum limit (SQL), providing a displacement sensitivity of 10(-18) m in a 100 Hz band centered on 150 Hz. With a new feedback strategy, we dynamically shift the resonant frequency of a 2.7 kg pendulum mode to lie within this optimal band, where its effective temperature falls as low as 1.4 mu K, and its occupation number reaches about 200 quanta. This work shows how the exquisite sensitivity necessary to detect gravitational waves can be made available to probe the validity of quantum mechanics on an enormous mass scale.

引用

页数：13

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