Metabolic variability in seafloor brines revealed by carbon and sulphur dynamics

被引:78
作者
Joye, Samantha B. [1 ]
Samarkin, Vladimir A. [1 ]
Orcutt, Beth N. [1 ]
MacDonald, Ian R. [2 ]
Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe [3 ,4 ]
Elvert, Marcus [3 ,4 ]
Teske, Andreas P. [5 ]
Lloyd, Karen G. [5 ]
Lever, Mark A. [5 ]
Montoya, Joseph P. [6 ]
Meile, Christof D. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA
[2] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA
[3] Univ Bremen, Organ Geochem Grp, MARUM Ctr Marine Environm Sci, D-28334 Bremen, Germany
[4] Univ Bremen, Dept Geosci, D-28334 Bremen, Germany
[5] Univ N Carolina, Dept Marine Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
[6] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; ANOXIC MARINE SEDIMENT; MUD VOLCANO; DEEP; METHANE; MEXICO; GULF; IDENTIFICATION; ACETOGENESIS; DIVERSITY;
D O I
10.1038/NGEO475
中图分类号
P [天文学、地球科学];
学科分类号
07 ;
摘要
Brine fluids that upwell from deep, hot reservoirs below the sea bed supply the sea floor with energy-rich substrates and nutrients that are used by diverse microbial ecosystems. Contemporary hypersaline environments formed by brine seeps may provide insights into the metabolism and distribution of microorganisms on the early Earth(1) or on extraterrestrial bodies(2). Here we use geochemical and genetic analyses to characterize microbial community composition and metabolism in two seafloor brines in the Gulf of Mexico: an active mud volcano and a quiescent brine pool. Both brine environments are anoxic and hypersaline. However, rates of sulphate reduction and acetate production are much higher in the brine pool, whereas the mud volcano supports much higher rates of methane production. We find no evidence of anaerobic oxidation of methane, despite high methane fluxes at both sites. We conclude that the contrasting microbial community compositions and metabolisms are linked to differences in dissolved-organic-matter input from the deep subsurface and different fluid advection rates between the two sites.
引用
收藏
页码:349 / 354
页数:6
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