Repeat urethrotomy and dilation for the treatment of urethral stricture are neither clinically effective nor cost-effective

Purpose: We developed an algorithm for the management of urethral stricture based on cost-effectiveness. Materials and Methods: United Kingdom medical and hospital costs associated with the current management of urethral stricture were calculated using private medical insurance schedules of reimbursement and clean intermittent self-catheterization supply costs. These costs were applied to 126 new patients treated endoscopically for urethral stricture in a general urological setting between January 1, 1991 and December 31, 1999. Treatment failure was defined as recurrent symptomatic stricture requiring further operative intervention following initial intervention. Mean followup available was 25 months (range 1 to 132). Results: The costs were urethrotomy/urethral dilation pound2,250.00 ($3,375.00, ratio 1.00), simple 1-stage urethroplasty pound5,015.00 ($7,522.50, ratio 2.23), complex 1-stage urethroplasty pound5,335.00 ($8,002.50, ratio 2.37) and 2-stage urethroplasty pound10,370 ($15,555.00, ratio 4.61). Of the 126 patients assessed 60 (47.6%) required more than 1 endoscopic retreatments (mean 3.13 each), 50 performed biweekly clean intermittent self-catheterization and 7 underwent urethroplasty during followup. The total cost per patient for all 126 patients for stricture treatment during followup was pound6,113 ($9,170). This cost was calculated by multiplying procedure cost by the number of procedures performed. A strategy of urethrotomy or urethral dilation as first line treatment, followed by urethroplasty for recurrence yielded a total cost per patient of pound5,866 ($8,799). Conclusions: A strategy of initial urethrotomy or urethral dilation followed by urethroplasty in patients with recurrent stricture proves to be the most cost-effective strategy. This financially based strategy concurs with evidence based best practice for urethral stricture management.