Small-bowel Surveillance in Patients With Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome Comparing Magnetic Resonance Enteroclysis and Double Balloon Enteroscopy

Background and Study Aims: Small-bowel surveillance with polypectomy of polyps >= 15mm prevents complications in patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS). We aimed to compare magnetic resonance enteroclysis (MRE) and double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) for diagnostic yield of these polyps and for patient preference. Materials and Methods: PJS patients prospectively underwent MRE followed by proximal DBE within 20 weeks. Endoscopists were blinded to the MRE results. We compared number of polyps >= 15mm detected by MRE and DBE. Patients' perceptions of both procedures were assessed using questionnaires. Results: Fifteen PJS patients (67% males, median age 47 y) underwent both MRE and DBE. Polyps >= 15mm were identified by MRE and/or DBE in 12/15 (80%) patients. There was no significant difference in the detection of polyps >= 15mm (38 by MRE vs. 50 by DBE, P=0.37). Sensitivity for these polyps was 62% (38/61) for MRE and 82% (50/61) for DBE. Patients' perceived shame and burden did not differ significantly between MRE and DBE. Patients reported significantly more pain during preparation for MRE than for DBE (moderate vs. no pain, P= 0.02), although perceived pain during the procedures was comparable (both mild, P= 0.89). For future small-bowel surveillance 10/13 (77%) patients preferred DBE over MRE (P= 0.09). Conclusions: Our results suggest that MRE and DBE have a comparable diagnostic yield of polyps >= 15mm. However, DBE allows for direct intervention and was preferred over MRE by most patients in this series. Larger cohorts of PJS patients are needed tofully evaluate the diagnostic yield of DBE compared with other modalities.