Commensal bacteria, traditional and opportunistic pathogens, dysbiosis and bacterial killing in inflammatory bowel diseases

被引:254
作者
Packey, Christopher D. [1 ]
Sartor, R. Balfour [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Gastrointestinal Biol & Dis, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
[2] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Gastrointestinal Biol & Dis, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
关键词
bacteria; commensals; dysbiosis; IBD; probiotics; AVIUM SUBSPECIES PARATUBERCULOSIS; INVASIVE ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ILEAL CROHNS-DISEASE; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; LACTOBACILLUS-CASEI; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI; PROBIOTIC THERAPY;
D O I
10.1097/QCO.0b013e32832a8a5d
中图分类号
R51 [传染病];
学科分类号
100401 ;
摘要
Purpose of review The authors present evidence published during the past 2 years of the roles of commensal and pathogenic bacteria in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory bowel diseases. Recent findings Rodent models conclusively implicate commensal enteric bacteria in chronic, immune-mediated, experimental colitis, and genetically determined defects in bacterial killing by innate immune cells are found in a subset of patients with Crohn's disease. There is no evidence that a single pathogen, including Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, causes Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. However, adherent/invasive Escherichia coli are associated with ileal Crohn's disease, with the mechanisms and genetics of adherent/invasive E coli virulence being elucidated. Molecular characterization of the microbiota in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases reveals decreased biodiversity of commensal bacteria, most notably the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, including the clinically relevant Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and increased E coli concentrations. VSL#3 is one probiotic preparation shown to be efficacious in certain clinical situations in small clinical trials. Summary Further characterization of altered microbiota in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and linking dysbiosis with host genetic alterations in immunoregulation, innate microbial killing and barrier function are critical, so that individualized treatments to increase beneficial commensals and their metabolic products (probiotic and prebiotic administration) and diminish deleterious species such as adherent/invasive E coli can be tailored for defined patient subsets.
引用
收藏
页码:292 / 301
页数:10
相关论文
共 82 条
[1]   A case-control study of drinking water and dairy products in Crohn's disease- Further investigation of the possible role of mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis [J].
Abubakar, Ibrahim ;
Myhill, Deborah J. ;
Hart, Andrew R. ;
Lake, Iain R. ;
Harvey, Ian ;
Rhodes, Jonathan M. ;
Robinson, Richard ;
Lobo, Alan J. ;
Probert, Christopher S. J. ;
Hunter, Paul R. .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 2007, 165 (07) :776-783
[2]   Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the diversity of fecal microbiota in patients with ulcerative colitis [J].
Andoh, Akira ;
Sakata, Shinji ;
Koizumi, Yuhsuke ;
Mitsuyama, Keiichi ;
Fujiyoma, Yoshihide ;
Benno, Yoshimi .
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES, 2007, 13 (08) :955-962
[3]   Host-bacterial mutualism in the human intestine [J].
Bäckhed, F ;
Ley, RE ;
Sonnenburg, JL ;
Peterson, DA ;
Gordon, JI .
SCIENCE, 2005, 307 (5717) :1915-1920
[4]   CEACAM6 acts as a receptor for adherent-invasive E. coli, supporting ileal mucosa colonization in Crohn disease [J].
Barnich, Nicolas ;
Carvalho, Frederic A. ;
Glasser, Anne-Lise ;
Darcha, Claude ;
Jantscheff, Peter ;
Allez, Matthieu ;
Peeters, Harald ;
Bommelaer, Gilles ;
Desreumaux, Pierre ;
Colombel, Jean-Frederic ;
Darfeuille-Michaud, Arlette .
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, 2007, 117 (06) :1566-1574
[5]   Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli and Crohn's disease [J].
Barnich, Nicolas ;
Darfeuille-Michaud, Arlette .
CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY, 2007, 23 (01) :16-20
[6]   Genome-wide association defines more than 30 distinct susceptibility loci for Crohn's disease [J].
Barrett, Jeffrey C. ;
Hansoul, Sarah ;
Nicolae, Dan L. ;
Cho, Judy H. ;
Duerr, Richard H. ;
Rioux, John D. ;
Brant, Steven R. ;
Silverberg, Mark S. ;
Taylor, Kent D. ;
Barmada, M. Michael ;
Bitton, Alain ;
Dassopoulos, Themistocles ;
Datta, Lisa Wu ;
Green, Todd ;
Griffiths, Anne M. ;
Kistner, Emily O. ;
Murtha, Michael T. ;
Regueiro, Miguel D. ;
Rotter, Jerome I. ;
Schumm, L. Philip ;
Steinhart, A. Hillary ;
Targan, Stephan R. ;
Xavier, Ramnik J. ;
Libioulle, Cecile ;
Sandor, Cynthia ;
Lathrop, Mark ;
Belaiche, Jacques ;
Dewit, Olivier ;
Gut, Ivo ;
Heath, Simon ;
Laukens, Debby ;
Mni, Myriam ;
Rutgeerts, Paul ;
Van Gossum, Andre ;
Zelenika, Diana ;
Franchimont, Denis ;
Hugot, Jean-Pierre ;
de Vos, Martine ;
Vermeire, Severine ;
Louis, Edouard ;
Cardon, Lon R. ;
Anderson, Carl A. ;
Drummond, Hazel ;
Nimmo, Elaine ;
Ahmad, Tariq ;
Prescott, Natalie J. ;
Onnie, Clive M. ;
Fisher, Sheila A. ;
Marchini, Jonathan ;
Ghori, Jilur .
NATURE GENETICS, 2008, 40 (08) :955-962
[7]   Culture independent analysis of ileal mucosa reveals a selective increase in invasive Escherichia coli of novel phylogeny relative to depletion of Clostridiales in Crohn's disease involving the ileum [J].
Baumgart, Martin ;
Dogan, Belgin ;
Rishniw, Mark ;
Weitzman, Gil ;
Bosworth, Brian ;
Yantiss, Rhonda ;
Orsi, Renato H. ;
Wiedmann, Martin ;
McDonough, Patrick ;
Kim, Sung Guk ;
Berg, Douglas ;
Schukken, Ynte ;
Scherl, Ellen ;
Simpson, Kenneth W. .
ISME JOURNAL, 2007, 1 (05) :403-418
[8]   Incidence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in a population-based cohort of patients with Crohn's disease and control subjects [J].
Bentley, Robert W. ;
Keenan, Jacqui I. ;
Gearry, Richard B. ;
Kennedy, Martin A. ;
Barclay, Murray L. ;
Roberts, Rebecca L. .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, 2008, 103 (05) :1168-1172
[9]   Testing the interaction between NOD-2 status and serological response to Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in cases of inflammatory bowel disease [J].
Bernstein, Charles N. ;
Wang, Ming-Hsi ;
Sargent, Michael ;
Brant, Steven R. ;
Collins, Michael T. .
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, 2007, 45 (03) :968-971
[10]   The mechanism of action of probiotics [J].
Boirivant, Monica ;
Strober, Warren .
CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY, 2007, 23 (06) :679-692