Adult hippocampal neurogenesis: Regulation, functional implications, and contribution to disease pathology

被引:288
作者
Balu, Darrick T. [2 ]
Lucki, Irwin [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[2] Univ Penn, Dept Pharmacol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
关键词
Neurogenesis; Hippocampus; Depression; Schizophrenia; Epilepsy; Diabetes; Cognition; Serotonin; Stress; Antidepressants; Antipsychotics; BDNF; NEWLY GENERATED NEURONS; ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; NEURAL STEM-CELLS; TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; ECTOPIC GRANULE CELLS; STRESS-INDUCED SUPPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR BDNF; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION;
D O I
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.08.007
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
It is now well established that the mammalian brain has the capacity to produce new neurons into adulthood. One such region that provides the proper milieu to sustain progenitor cells and is permissive to neuronal fate determination is located in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. This review will discuss in detail the complex process of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, including proliferation, differentiation, survival, and incorporation into neuronal networks. The regulation of this phenomenon by a number of factors is described, including neurotransmitter systems, growth factors, paracrine signaling molecules, neuropeptides, transcription factors, endogenous psychotropic systems, sex hormones, stress, and others. This review also addresses the functional significance of adult born hippocampal granule cells with regard to hippocampal circuitry dynamics and behavior. Furthermore, the relevance of perturbations in adult hippocampal neurogenesis to the pathophysiology of various disease states, including depression, schizophrenia, epilepsy, and diabetes are examined. Finally, this review discusses the potential of using hippocampal neurogenesis as a therapeutic target for these disorders. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:232 / 252
页数:21
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