Postoperative Ocular Inflammation: A Single Subconjunctival Injection of XG-102 Compared to Dexamethasone Drops in a Randomized Trial

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of XG-102 (brimapitide) compared to dexamethasone eye drops in the treatment of postoperative ocular inflammation. DESIGN: Multicenter, randomized, parallel group, double-masked, noninferiority clinical trial. METHODS: Patients who underwent anterior and posterior segments combined surgery or glaucoma surgery or complex posterior segment surgery were eligible to participate. Patients were administered a single subconjunctival injection of 250 mu L XG-102 90 mu g (n = 47) or 900 mu g (n = 48) or placebo (n = 50) at the end of ocular surgery. Subconjunctival injection for each group (XG-102 90 mu g, XG-102 900 mu g, or placebo) was followed by eye drops instilled 4 times per day for 21 days with placebo, placebo, or dexamethasone solution, respectively. The primary outcome measure was anterior chamber cell grades at day 28 comparing XG-102 900 pug with dexamethasone. RESULTS: The anterior cell grades for both XG-102 groups were noninferior to dexamethasone (-0.054 anterior cell grade [95% confidence interval -0.350-0.242]; P < .001 for noninferiority) for XG-102 900 pug and -0.086 anterior cell grade (95% confidence interval -0.214-0.385; P = .003 for noninferiority) for XG-102 90 mu g. Rescue medication was introduced for 10 (21%), 7 (15%), and 2 (4%) patients allocated to the XG-102 90 mu g, XG-102 900 mu g, and dexamethasone groups, respectively. The difference between XG-102 90 mu g and dexamethasone was statistically significant (P = .013). The number of patients for whom adverse events were reported and the nature of the events reported was similar between the 3 treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: A single subconjunctival injection of XG-102 at the end of ocular surgery is noninferior to dexamethasone eye drops in the treatment of postoperative ocular inflammation. (C) 2016 The Author(s), Published by Elsevier Inc.