Effect of body size and ration on specific dynamic action in the Antarctic plunderfish, Harpagifer antarcticus Nybelin 1947

The feeding energetics of the Antarctic spiny plunderfish (Harpagifer antarcticus) were examined with respect to the effect of both ration size and animal size. Fish of different sizes were fed single meals at one of two ration levels (2.5% wet body mass and satiation) to determine the maximum aerobic scope that could be elicited by the specific dynamic action. The excretion rates of ammonia, urea, and fluorescamine-positive substances were also monitored. Neither fish size nor ration had any effect on the factorial aerobic scope of feeding, which suggests that cellular metabolic processes associated with feeding were satiated by relatively small meals. The factorial scope in ammonia excretion was affected by both ration and fish size, indicating that respiration and excretion respond to a meal independently. The duration of the specific dynamic action response (240-390 h) increased with fish size but not ration, whereas both the time to reach the peak oxygen consumption and the duration of the ammonia response increased with ration but not fish size. The percentage of the ingested energy that was expended following feeding (the specific dynamic action coefficient) was high at low rations (approximately 56%) but lower (roughly 10%) at satiation rations. This is because the absolute energetic cost of processing a meal was largely independent of meal size. The change in O:N ratios after feeding was very ration-dependent; at low rations, O:N ratios increased, whereas at satiation rations, the O:N ratios decreased.