Comparative yield of HCV RNA testing in blood donors screened by 2.0 versus 3.0 antibody assays

被引:21
作者
Galel, SA
Strong, DM
Tegtmeier, GE
Holland, PV
Kuramoto, IK
Kemper, M
Pietrelli, L
Gallarda, J
机构
[1] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Ctr Blood, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
[2] Puget Sound Blood Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA
[3] Community Blood Ctr Greater Kansas City, Kansas City, MO USA
[4] Blood Source, Ctr Blood Res, Sacramento, CA USA
[5] Roche Mol Syst, Pleasanton, CA USA
关键词
D O I
10.1046/j.1537-2995.2002.00236.x
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Background: Two HCV antibody tests (EIA 2.0 [EIA2], Abbott; and the Version 3.0 ELISA [EIA3], Ortho) are currently licensed for screening of US blood donors. Testing of donors for HCV RNA allows comparison of the sensitivities of the two anti body-screening assays. Study design and methods: All allogeneic blood donations at 13 US test sites were screened for HCV RNA by testing plasma minipools using an investigational assay (COBAS AmpliScreen HCV test, v2.0, Roche Molecular Systems). Some sites screened for HCV antibody by EIA2 and some used EIA3. The frequency of RNA-positive and anti body-negative (RNA-pos and Ab-neg) donations among donors screened by each antibody assay was compared. Antibody appearance was assessed in a donor follow-up study. Results: A total of 5.51x10(6) donations were screened for HCV RNA. Of these, 2.27 million were screened for antibody by EIA2, and 3.24 million by EIA3. Twenty-three donations were HCV RNA-pos and Ab-neg. The frequency of RNA-pos and Ab-neg donations was higher among donations screened by EIA2 (1 in 134,000), compared to those screened by EIA3 (1 in 540,000) (p=0.001). Of the 17 RNA-pos and Ab-neg donations identified by test sites that used EIA2, 14 were retested by EIA3 and 10 (71%) were reactive. Most RNA-pos and Ab-neg donors appear to be in the process of seroconversion. Donors that were initially EIA2-negative and EIA3-reactive showed a more prolonged pattern of seroconversion compared to those that were initially nonreactive by both antibody assays. Four donors were EIA2-negative, EIA3-reactive, and RIBA-indeterminate (c33c) for at least 90 days, 1 for more than 317 days. Conclusion: EIA3 would have detected the majority of RNA-positive donations missed by EIA2. Some RNA-positive donors are EIA2-negative and EIA3-reactive for a prolonged period of time.
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页码:1507 / 1513
页数:7
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