One-day cold perfusion of bimakalim and butanedione monoxime restores ex situ cardiac function

Bimakalim (Bim), an opener of ATP-sensitive K+ channels, was given alone or with 2,3-batanedione monoxime (BDM), a reversible uncoupler of contractility, to protect myocardial function during 1 day of hypothermia. Left, ventricular pressure (LVP), coronary Bow (CF), percent O-2 extraction (%O(2)E), and cardiac efficiency were measured in 96 isolated, perfused guinea pig hearts divided into seven groups: 1) cold control (no drugs); 2)BDM; 3) Bim; 4) BDM + Bim: 5) BDM + glibenclamide (Glib, a blocker of K-ATP channels); 6) BDM + Bim + Glib; and 7) time control (6 h warm perfusion only). Drugs were given before, during, and initially after 22 h of low CF at 3.8 degrees C. At 26 h (cold groups) or 4 h (warm group) LVP (mmHg; means +/- SE) was similar for time control (94 +/- 4) and BDM + Bim (92 +/- 4) groups, lower and equivalent in the BDM (65 +/- 7) and BDM + Bim + Glib (64 +/- 7) groups, but LVP was higher than in the Bim group 146 +/- 3), and lowest in the cold control (30 +/- 8) group. In addition, only in the BDM + Bim group were basal CF, %O(2)E and cardiac efficiency returned to values obtained in the time control group. Epinephrine increased LVP to that of the time control (106 +/- 3) group only in the BDM + Bim group (106 +/- 3) after hypothermia, and CF increases with adenosine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and nitroprusside were similar to that of the time control group only in the BDM + Bim group after hypothermia. All of the effects of Bim were reversed by Glib. These results indicate that Bim, given with BDM, effectively preserves myocardial function and metabolism as well as inotropic and vasodilatory reserve during long-term hypothermic preservation as if the I-day hypothermic state had not been instituted. Because the beneficial effects of Bim are blocked by Glib, the protective effect of Bim likely results from maintained K-ATP channel opening. Treatment with exogenous K-ATP openers may Drove useful in preserving cardiac function in the transplanted heart.