Conical carbon fibers (CCFs) with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as their cores were grown on graphite substrates with a chemical vapor deposition method. The CNT-cored CCFs were about several tens of micrometers in length. In the interaction with a probe system, the CNT core filaments demonstrated good mechanical strength. Furthermore, field emission currents around 100 mu A were also attained from individual CNTs. The growth mechanism of this CNT/CCF combined structure is briefly discussed. Our method has provided a convenient and inexpensive approach to mass assembling CNTs to a carbon substrate.