Salt reduction in the United Kingdom: a successful experiment in public health

被引:363
作者
He, F. J. [1 ]
Brinsden, H. C. [2 ]
MacGregor, G. A. [1 ]
机构
[1] Queen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, Wolfson Inst Prevent Med, London EC1M 6BQ, England
[2] City Univ London, Ctr Food Policy, London EC1V 0HB, England
关键词
salt reduction; target; UK programme; public health; DISEASE PREVENTION; SODIUM-INTAKE; FOOD; METAANALYSIS; UK; RISK;
D O I
10.1038/jhh.2013.105
中图分类号
R6 [外科学];
学科分类号
100210 [外科学];
摘要
The United Kingdom has successfully implemented a salt reduction programme. We carried out a comprehensive analysis of the programme with an aim of providing a step-by-step guide of developing and implementing a national salt reduction strategy, which other countries could follow. The key components include (1) setting up an action group with strong leadership and scientific credibility; (2) determining salt intake by measuring 24-h urinary sodium, identifying the sources of salt by dietary record; (3) setting a target for population salt intake and developing a salt reduction strategy; (4) setting progressively lower salt targets for different categories of food, with a clear time frame for the industry to achieve; (5) working with the industry to reformulate food with less salt; (6) engaging and recruiting of ministerial support and potential threat of regulation by the Department of Health (DH); (7) clear nutritional labelling; (8) consumer awareness campaign; and (9) monitoring progress by (a) frequent surveys and media publicity of salt content in food, including naming and shaming, (b) repeated 24-h urinary sodium at 3-5 year intervals. Since the salt reduction programme started in 2003/2004, significant progress has been made as demonstrated by the reductions in salt content in many processed food and a 15% reduction in 24-h urinary sodium over 7 years (from 9.5 to 8.1 g per day, P<0.05). The UK salt reduction programme reduced the population's salt intake by gradual reformulation on a voluntary basis. Several countries are following the United Kingdom's lead. The challenge now is to engage other countries with appropriate local modifications. A reduction in salt intake worldwide will result in major public health improvements and cost savings.
引用
收藏
页码:345 / 352
页数:8
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