Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) egg yolk concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and lipid increase during the last stage of embryonic development

被引:46
作者
Alava, Juan Jose
Keller, Jennifer M.
Kucklick, John R.
Wyneken, Jeanette
Crowder, Larry
Scott, Geoffrey I.
机构
[1] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA
[2] Univ S Carolina, Sch Environm, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
[3] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA
[4] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA
[5] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA
关键词
loggerhead sea turtle; eggs; PCBs; organochlorine pesticides; reptile; lipid; embryonic development;
D O I
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.02.029
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 [工学]; 0830 [环境科学与工程];
摘要
Data are scarce describing the concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides in sea turtle eggs. The purpose of this study was to establish appropriate sample collection methodology to monitor these contaminants in sea turtle eggs. Contaminant concentrations were measured in yolk samples from eggs that failed to hatch from three loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) nests collected in southern Florida to determine if concentrations change through embryonic development. One to three egg yolk samples per nest were analyzed from early, middle, and late developmental stages (n=22 eggs total). PCB and pesticide concentrations were determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD). Geometric mean concentrations of Sigma PCBs (52 congeners), Sigma DDTs, Sigma chlordanes, and dieldrin in all eggs were 65.0 (range = 7.11 to 3930 ng/g lipid), 67.1 (range = 7.88 to 1340 ng/g lipid), 37.0 (range =4.04 to 685 ng/g lipid), and 11.1 ng/g lipid (range = 1.69 to 44.0 ng/g lipid), respectively. Early and middle developmental stage samples had similar concentrations of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides on a wet-mass basis (ng/g tissue extracted), but the concentrations doubled by the late stage. This increase is most likely attributable to the 50% increase in lipid content observed in the late-stage yolk. These findings indicate that an early-stage sample cannot be directly compared to a late-stage sample, especially from different nests. These preliminary findings also allowed us to calculate the minimum number of eggs per nest required for analysis to obtain an acceptable mean concentration per nest. More research is required to investigate geographical trends of contaminant concentrations and potential health effects (i.e., abnormalities) caused by these contaminants on sea turtle development. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:170 / 181
页数:12
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