Submillimeter tests of the gravitational inverse-square law

Motivated by a variety of theories that predict new effects, we tested the gravitational 1/r(2) law at separations between 10.77 mm and 137 mum using two different 10-fold azimuthally symmetric torsion pendulums and rotating 10-fold symmetric attractors. Our work improves upon other experiments by up to a factor of about 100. We found no deviation from Newtonian physics at the 95% confidence level and interpret these results as constraints on extensions of the standard model that predict Yukawa or power-law forces. We set a constraint on the largest single extra dimension (assuming toroidal compactification and that one extra dimension is significantly larger than all the others) of R(*)less than or equal to160 mum, and on two equal-sized large extra dimensions of R(*)less than or equal to130 mum. Yukawa interactions with \alpha\greater than or equal to1 are ruled out at 95% confidence for lambdagreater than or equal to197 mum. Extra-dimensions scenarios stabilized by radions are restricted to unification masses M(*)greater than or equal to3.0 TeV/c(2), regardless of the number of large extra dimensions. We also provide new constraints on power-law potentials V(r)proportional tor(-k) with k between 2 and 5 and on the gamma(5) couplings of pseudoscalars with mless than or equal to10 meV/c(2).