HIV Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors among Individuals Aged 13-34 Years in Rural Western Kenya

被引:100
作者
Amornkul, Pauli N.
Vandenhoudt, Hilde
Nasokho, Peter
Odhiambo, Frank
Mwaengo, Dufton
Hightower, Allen
Buve, Anne
Misore, Ambrose
Vulule, John
Vitek, Charles
Glynn, Judith
Greenberg, Alan
Slutsker, Laurence
De Cock, Kevin M.
机构
[1] Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA
[2] Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)/CDC, Kisumu
[3] KEMRI, Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Kisumu
[4] Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Antwerp
[5] Republic of Kenya Ministry of Health, Kisumu
[6] Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu
[7] London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London
[8] Division of Parasitic Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA
[9] Global AIDS Program, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA
[10] International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, San Francisco, CA
[11] Belgian Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp
[12] Management Sciences for Health, Nairobi
[13] University of Nairobi, Nairobi
[14] Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), Kisumu
[15] George Washington University, Washington, DC
[16] World Health Organization, Geneva
来源
PLOS ONE | 2009年 / 4卷 / 07期
关键词
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; HEALTH-CARE TRANSMISSION; SIMPLEX-VIRUS TYPE-2; MALE CIRCUMCISION; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; YOUNG MEN; INFECTION; PREVENTION; WOMEN; HIV/AIDS;
D O I
10.1371/journal.pone.0006470
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Objectives: To estimate HIV prevalence and characterize risk factors among young adults in Asembo, rural western Kenya. Design: Community-based cross-sectional survey. Methods: From a demographic surveillance system, we selected a random sample of residents aged 13-34 years, who were contacted at home and invited to a nearby mobile study site. Consent procedures for non-emancipated minors required assent and parental consent. From October 2003-April 2004, consenting participants were interviewed on risk behavior and tested for HIV and HSV-2. HIV voluntary counseling and testing was offered. Results: Of 2606 eligible residents, 1822 (70%) enrolled. Primary reasons for refusal included not wanting blood taken, not wanting to learn HIV status, and partner/parental objection. Females comprised 53% of 1762 participants providing blood. Adjusted HIV prevalence was 15.4% overall: 20.5% among females and 10.2% among males. HIV prevalence was highest in women aged 25-29 years (36.5%) and men aged 30-34 years (41.1%). HSV-2 prevalence was 40.0% overall: 53% among females, 25.8% among males. In multivariate models stratified by gender and marital status, HIV infection was strongly associated with age, higher number of sex partners, widowhood, and HSV-2 seropositivity. Conclusions: Asembo has extremely high HIV and HSV-2 prevalence, and probable high incidence, among young adults. Further research on circumstances around HIV acquisition in young women and novel prevention strategies (vaccines, microbicides, pre-exposure prophylaxis, HSV-2 prevention, etc.) are urgently needed.
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页数:11
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