A fungal family of transcriptional regulators: The zinc cluster proteins

被引:455
作者
MacPherson, Sarah
Larochelle, Marc
Turcotte, Bernard
机构
[1] McGill Univ, Royal Victoria Hosp, Dept Med, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1, Canada
[2] McGill Univ, Royal Victoria Hosp, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1, Canada
[3] McGill Univ, Royal Victoria Hosp, Dept Biochem, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1, Canada
关键词
D O I
10.1128/MMBR.00015-06
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
The trace element zinc is required for proper functioning of a large number of proteins, including various enzymes. However, most zinc-containing proteins are transcription factors capable of binding DNA and are named zinc finger proteins. They form one of the largestfamilies of transcriptional regulators and are categorized into various classes according to zinc-binding motifs. This review focuses on one class of zinc finger proteins called zinc cluster (or binuclear) proteins. Members of this family are exclusively fungal and possess the well-conserved motif CysX(2)CysX(6)CysX(5-12)CysX(5-12)CysX(6-8)Cys. The cysteine residues bind to two zinc atoms, which coordinate folding of the domain involved in DNA recognition. The first- and best-studied zinc cluster protein is Gal4p, a transcriptional activator of genes involved in the catabolism of galactose in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Since the discovery of Gal4p, many other zinc cluster proteins have been characterized; they function in a wide range of processes, including primary and secondary metabolism and meiosis. Other roles include regulation of genes involved in the stress response as well as pleiotropic drug resistance, as demonstrated in budding yeast and in human fungal pathogens. With the number of characterized zinc cluster proteins growing rapidly, it is becoming more and more apparent that they are important regulators of fungal physiology.
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页码:583 / +
页数:23
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