Influenza Vaccination Given at Least 2 Weeks Before Delivery to Pregnant Women Facilitates Transmission of Seroprotective Influenza-specific Antibodies to the Newborn

被引:47
作者
Blanchard-Rohner, Geraldine [1 ]
Meier, Sara [1 ]
Bel, Michael [2 ,3 ]
Combescure, Christophe [4 ]
Othenin-Girard, Veronique [5 ,6 ]
Swali, Rhimou Azbar [5 ,6 ]
de Tejada, Begona Martinez [5 ,6 ]
Siegrist, Claire-Anne [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Hosp Geneva, Childrens Hosp Geneva, Dept Pediat, Geneva, Switzerland
[2] Univ Hosp Geneva, Ctr Vaccinol & Neonatal Immunol, Dept Pediat & Pathol Immunol, Geneva, Switzerland
[3] Univ Hosp Geneva, Dept Genet & Lab Med, Virol Lab, Geneva, Switzerland
[4] Univ Hosp Geneva, Clin Res Ctr, Geneva, Switzerland
[5] Univ Hosp Geneva, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Geneva, Switzerland
[6] Fac Med, Geneva, Switzerland
关键词
influenza; maternal antibody; pregnancy; influenza vaccine; MATERNAL IMMUNIZATION; RESPIRATORY ILLNESS; OUTPATIENT VISITS; VIRUS INFECTION; HOSPITALIZATIONS; RESPONSES; CHILDREN; INFANTS; MOTHERS; IMPACT;
D O I
10.1097/01.inf.0000437066.40840.c4
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
071005 [微生物学]; 100108 [医学免疫学];
摘要
Background: Pregnant women and infants are at higher risk of complications secondary to influenza infection. Immunization during pregnancy facilitates protection of the neonates through passive transfer of maternal antibodies. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed during the post-H1N1 pandemic winter season of 2010/2011 in Geneva, Switzerland. We measured antibody titers against the seasonal influenza A H1N1, H3N2 and B 2010/2011 strains by hemagglutination inhibition in the umbilical cord blood of newborns born to vaccinated and nonvaccinated mothers. Seroprotection was defined as a hemagglutination inhibition titer 40. Results: A total of 188 women were enrolled, 101 of whom had been vaccinated with a nonadjuvanted influenza vaccine (all during the second or third trimester) and the other 87 had not. Among newborns of vaccinated women, 84-86% showed seroprotective levels depending on the strain. In comparison, seroprotection rates were significantly lower in babies of nonvaccinated women (29-33%, P < 0.001). Adjusting for various confounding factors and applying multivariate regression analysis, vaccination during pregnancy 2 weeks before delivery increased geometric mean titers in umbilical cord blood 5-17 times and seroprotection rates 5.8-34.4 times, depending on the strain and the interval between vaccination and delivery. Vaccinating pregnant women only 2-4 weeks before delivery was still more effective than no vaccination at all (geometric mean titers increased 6.8-11.1 times and seroprotection rates increased 5.8-34.4 times compared with nonvaccinated women). Conclusions: Influenza vaccination at any time during the second and third trimester of pregnancy, but at least 15 days before delivery, confers seroprotection to many neonates.
引用
收藏
页码:1374 / 1380
页数:7
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