Contrast-enhanced MR angiography in the preoperative evaluation of living kidney donors.

Purpose: To compare Gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography with conventional DSA in the preoperative evaluation of living kidney donors. Material and Methods: 27 potential living kidney donors were examined with contrast-enhanced MR angiography after conventional angiography. The MR angiograms were evaluated for the number of renal arteries, the presence of early arterial branching and vascular pathologies by two independent readers. The results were compared with those of selective conventional angiography and intraoperative findings. Results: Conventional angiography detected 14 accessory renal arteries. Reader A detected 13 of 14 accessory arteries with no false positive result (sensitivity 93 %, specificity 100 %). Reader B detected 11 of 14 accessory vessels with one false positive finding (sensitivity 79 %, specificity 98 %). Early arterial branching was detected by both readers in 9 of 12 vessels with no false positive result (sensitivity 75%, specificity 100%). None of the patients had additional vascular pathology. Discussion: Gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography is a non-invasive alternative to conventional angiography in the preoperative evaluation of living kidney donors. In order to achieve high accuracy in detecting accessory renal arteries and early arterial branching extensive experience with the method and the specific preoperative needs is required. Selective conventional angiography is still superior in detecting very small accessory vessels and early arterial branching.