Efficiency of the Vector™-system compared with conventional subgingival debridement in vitro and in vivo

Objective: To assess the efficacy of the novel ultrasonic Vector((TM))-system system for subgingival debridement and to compare the results with conventional periodontal instrumentation in vitro and in vivo. Material and Methods: Forty extracted human teeth were treated in vitro: Vector((TM))-system with polishing (VP) and abrasive fluid (VA), conventional ultrasonic system (U) and hand instrument (H). At intervals of 40 s, calculus removal was assessed using a 3D laser scanning device. Eight single-rooted teeth were treated in vivo with the Vector((TM))-system or hand instruments. Subgingival plaque samples were obtained for microbiological evaluation. After extraction, residual calculus was assessed by means of digitized planimetry. Results: In vitro efficiency of hand instruments was statistically higher compared with the conventional ultrasonic system (p < 0.05) and the Vector((TM))-system with no difference between U and VA (p > 0.05) and VA and VP (p > 0.05). Residual calculus following in vivo instrumentation was not different in the Vector((TM)) and the hand instrument group (p > 0.05) but treatment time with the Vector((TM))-system was statistically higher (p < 0.05). A similar reduction of periopathogenic bacteria could be observed in both groups. Conclusions: Using the Vector((TM))-system, root surfaces can be debrided as thoroughly as with conventional instruments. However, treatment is more time consuming than conventional debridement.